Grizzly Man, W.H.

Comedia Apologia

The Quiet American, Pt. 1

A Walk Through Greenaway

J.K. Muir on
John Carpenter
(with an introduction
by George)

 

 

Notre Musique, Notre Technique

 

Notre Musique returns again and again to the contrapuntal: the shot-reverse-shot of cinema, the traded volleys of warfare, the interplay between opposing concepts sharing the same space. The film mimics the structure of a fugue, with its iterations, inversions, appearing and disappearing themes, and above all, the melodic reply of counterpoint in ravishing succession. Notre musique, our music.

But still, the parts jostle each other; there's the typical Godard-ian jumble of ideas vying for dominance, and not one rises above the others. His filmmaking has developed a more measured pace (but still, that doesn't mean much), and after the explosive montage that opens the film, it settles into an uneasy rhythm, slightly ahead of the beat, easing into the familiar conceit of replacing all deadweight on the screen with airborne ideology. You still get the feeling that a good portion of the film is cobbled together from receipts with hastily-scribbled bits of Camus and Vaclav Havel, and a few shreds from a secret stash of Dashiell Hammett.

The film is structured like Dante’s Trilogy, or a medieval triptych, with the first segment representing hell; the second, purgatory, and the final, heaven. Although the images in themselves are terrible, their rhythm carries you, and the piano score (Arvo Pärt?) allows you to drift above them. Some of the images are abstracted from their surroundings; tight shots of artillery fire that barely address the mouth of the apparatus are explosions of color, tinted by hand to vibrant effect. A shot of artillery shells exploding in the air and the water is so beautifully colorized that it resembles a dynamic Frankenthaler painting. The shot that follows it becomes a field of crystals, blighted by brilliant red splotches. The reds in this film are not warm, burnt, but bright and cool, nearly always bleeding outside of their field. We hear a woman’s voice, perhaps the conscience of the pensive Olga (Nade Dieu), over the solemn and elegiac piano score: “And so, in the age of fable / there appeared men on earth / armed for extermination.” With the great ambivalence that characterizes many of his ‘intertextual’ films, Godard examines cultural oppression and domination from a historical perspective, citing everything from Hemingway (the famous “Have you ever been bit by a dead bee?”) to Nietzsche (considering the paradox of embedded journalism) to Martin Buber.

The film is set in Sarajevo, Bosnia, perhaps significantly the setting of the event that touched off the First World War. And also, in the words of Israeli journalist Judith Lerner (Sarah Adler), “a place where reconciliation is possible.” The story revolves around the efforts of two Jewish girls to right the imbalance of history by different means: Judith, the journalist, begs a French ambassador and an Arab poet living in Sarajevo to tell their stories; Olga, the student and filmmaker, demands peace and understanding under the guise of a suicide bomber in a movie theater, carrying only books in a heavy bag. Judith sees the possibilities for rejuvenation in the broken Sarajevo, and reconciliation in her own homeland. Olga, however, sees these dichotomies as irreconcilable. Godard, as usual, comes down on neither side. He lets his images and actors speak for themselves, staying aloof from the ideological conflict himself. This is one reason his style of filmmaking is particularly infuriating to some – myself included, sometimes. The complaint is that without the masterful editing or the strange, fractured paths and deconstructed soundtracks of his films, all of which justify a good deal of the praise given to him – without these, there is little to sustain the viewer who looks for that same care in the writing of dialogue. Conversations consist of napkin-size manifestos and clumsy allusions, which work because of a vitality running through them, but often miss Godard’s goal of remaining ‘open-ended’, open to our consideration, because he seldom allows the characters to act directly on them – thus giving us something that's easy for us to object to or agree with. Roomfuls of theory are hard to stomach; one gets tired of the generalization and maxim-driven arguments non sequitur – but, if you can overcome the fatigue of watching familiar ideologies snooker each other on the floor before being swept up by the next round of proclamations, the freshness of the material becomes suddenly accessible.

(Personally, I’ve always had trouble reconciling the sometimes fanciful surface elements of Godard’s films – the odd slapstick, the sometimes-obsequious leftist sloganeering (the horrible “Cinemarxism” scrawled on the wall in Sympathy for the Devil) with the human drama within. So I realize my surprise is pretty much unjustified that he’s produced a film that ranks as his Hiroshima Mon Amour.)

Examining the Palestinian / Israeli conflict through the eyes of these two women and the people they encounter, Godard sets up a provocative dichotomy between the Palestinians, dominated geographically and press-wise by the Israelis, and the continuous subjugation of Jewish populations by other cultures through history. The complaint of the Arab poet Darwish, that people are only interested in the Israelis, seems frivolous, but we understand the implication. The history of Palestine is more or less self-contained; the struggle of the Jews has all but obliterated it in the world’s eyes. The Homeric task of inscribing history belongs only to the victors: poetry and culture are their privilege alone: turned around, it implies that the conquered peoples are without either. This betrays a colonialist spirit which still lingers in Europe; poetry is a masthead of “enlightenment”, which was used for hundreds of years as a pale justification for subjugating other societies; the insistence on the “backwardness” of more traditional societies being a thinly veiled metaphor for their inability to exploit their own resources.

The basic principle of cinema, says Godard, speaking in front of a small assembly of students, is shot-countershot. He illustrates this concept with two stills from Howard Hawks’ “His Girl Friday”: a shot of Cary Grant speaking into a telephone receiver, and a similarly composed shot of Rosalind Russell doing the same. The principle of “shot-countershot” can be readily transliterated into the language of warfare (the modern language) from the language of cinema; he presents a pair of photos depicting a beach landing: first a picture of Zionists landing on Palestinian beaches; then a countershot of Palestinians wading into the waters to defend their land. (“They walked into the water to die,” he says.) Olga, seated with the small group, is wracked with guilt at the Israelis' treatment of the Palestinians. In her last symbolic gesture, she enters a movie theater in Jerusalem and asks if there is one Israeli who would stand with her and die for peace and understanding. No one moves; she is later shot and killed by a marksman, upon which it is revealed that she is not carrying a bomb.

The overarching paradox here, incorporating all of the narrower ones, and vetted by them, is that truth is neither absolute nor relative. If, as Godard says, the dominant account is patently untrue, and we are unable to validate the national “Idea” (that is, the common approach to the world by which a culture defines itself), then truth is clearly not the foundation, or perhaps even a participant in, the progression of history. The dialectic excludes those “without poetry”. It is rather a “hue” of things – a gradation which lends no weight, only a qualitative value, an enigmatic slice of spectrum. Godard speaks in terms of light and dark; he sees the liquidity of truth and falsehood, bleeding into each other, stranding us in a twilight of reason, which may look a lot like Sarajevo’s stark scenery.

(In a burned-out palace, a remarkable library – a pile of books on the floor, an old man seated at a rickety desk with a ledger and stamp.)

“Nature is a temple where living colonnades / sometimes let out confused phrases / Man wanders among symbols in those glades / which watch him / with familiar gazes.”
This fragment of poetry characterizes Godard’s mature work, in which the fragmented narratives and philosophical dissembling begin to resemble a “natural” dissemination – this phenomenon is hard to describe, but the difference between Notre Musique and a film like Masculin/Feminin (whose political agenda is much sparser) can be put in terms of the near-complete erosion of the director’s proud syntheticism.  The latter, with its many different trajectories and manic, contrived conversation, was like the Paris Metro – undeniably up-to-the-minute, going every which way, a mass of faces and phrases and advertisements, Godard jumping from one strand to the next like grabbing a car. On the other hand, Notre Musique, while it retains the deconstruction of soundtrack and dialogue that remains Godard’s continuing fascination, has a staid rhythm to its discontinuity – he has refined his dissemination to the point that it seems like the language is turning in on itself, instead of being contrived to do so. The ‘symbols’ mentioned above are naturally-occurring in the story – the portrait of Hannah Arendt in the meeting room, the Mostar bridge, the converted library. Part of the exhilaration of watching early Godard films was the sense of watching a student eagerly mastering new forms, hitting the mark and failing in rapid succession, the mistakes overturning one another in a fast and loose play of symbols, manic joy, and awkward gravitas. While still finding ways to test the conventions of cinematic forms, and frequently our patience - playing with genre, photography, and voice - he now owns these ideas in a way he didn’t before; he’s no longer trying them on for size. Which makes for a more cohesive viewing experience, but a much less exciting one. Olga, wandering through the green forest of Paradise, recalls Sympathy for the Devil’s Eve, the empty, libertine “La Marianne” of the now-generation, whose lobotomized replies to contrived questions made the film such a chore to watch. But now Olga, like Godard, knows where she’s been and perhaps why she did what she did, and even though she’s traveled far beyond sight and sound, she’s comfortable there. If the director, now into his seventies, produces another film, let it be his Touch of Evil -- otherwise, he'll never die.

 

(Theresa)

 

Wellspring.Com: Notre Musique

REPLY

 

 

1/27
Posted by: George

I've had violent reactions to Jean-Luc Godard before, but "Notre Music" is the first film of his that I have fallen asleep watching.  I didn't have a violent reaction, and in fact found many of the images innocuously pleasing.  I am conflicted with whether I should favor this new prefabricated "mature" Godard who gives me a film i can passively enjoy many aspects of or the old "please find me dangerous" Godard whose who could arouse me to positively despise a film.  So let me just say this: "Notre Musique" is not as good as "Breathless".


Of course it seems inane to bother mentioning "Breathless" when talking Godard.  Consider his entire career as a defiant attempt to avoid the snags that Orson Welles fell into.  Having made his debut masterpiece, Godard, a deeply insecure and sensitive soul, was deathly afraid of sinking into the Wellesian quicksand of constant struggle and scrounge.  Credibility already in pocket, Godard devolves into a gimmick-slinger because beneath his badass critic facade, he is afraid to appear vulnerable and look like he's trying.  There will never be any lost footage from phantom Godard projects, as I think he has assured by taking everything he ever shot and spuriously incorporated it into a project to obscure any semblance of a purposeful straightforward narrative.  Many filmmakers (and many more film students) have made movies as muddled, broadly incoherent, arrogant and slapdash as Godard's, but he took advantage of his own celebrity and persona as a brand name.  Ladies and gentlemen, watch out for the bad boy of international film, the self-proclaimed terrorist of the cinema!  Because nothing shocks the world more than jump cuts and sloganeering.


"Notre Musique" has much in common with the work of that Godard, but rather than making himself a cartoon Godard, in his old age grasping for the relevance and esteem he once seemed to delight in his own disregard and scorn for, paints himself more as a pastel watercolor.  This is reflected visually in what is one of his best looking films throughout, his reckless willingness to fill chunks of the screen with bright and ugly replaced by perhaps the most shocking aesthetic transformation possible for this renegade: his images are generally stately, unobtrusive, and, gasp, pretty.  His purgatory inhabits a universe familiar to Godard, with humans as mouthpieces for political ideaettes he does not bother to illustrate.  In his cartoons, the human props bustled about shrieking these proclamations through voice, affectation, mannerism, or attitude as if convinced the contrarian accumulation of self-consciously provocative snippets of lite politic would be positively earth shattering.  The watercolor players of "Notre Musique" seem to have no illusions of such import or significance beyond the narrow audience that still seeks out a new work by Jean Luc Godard.  Ideas are spoken calmly and there is no feeling of assault or even swagger in their presentation.  The old problem of the interminable onslaught of viewpoints is present.  Nothing is presented with much depth and/or clarity, at least not when diluted into the company of so much similar aural text, and the serenity of so many voices of differing gradations of distinguishability drifts occasionally into the somnambulist deadzone that National Public Radio can sometimes achieve in its duller, more conspicuously passionless moments.  To be fair, I've heard this problem in Godard's work is significantly aggravated if you, like me, need to read the subtitles.


The lack of excitement or incitement in "Notre Musique" also grows from Godard's decisions to hedge his bets toward safety and respectability in structure and motif.  The triangle is the strongest basic shape in architecture, and it is hard to fuck up a triptych.  Perhaps only a man of Godard's unique talent could do it, but he is content to let the format work its magic.  A triptych uses the same elements that make the three act structure of many films, plays, and novels so enduring, but emphasizes this so that the three pieces are clearly delineated and independent of each other.  Inevitably the three elements will reflect upon each other, and in the presence of two other elements, the third will resonate stronger than it would have alone.  Recall the intermission in "Stop Making Sense" where words and phrases are projected on three screens, sometimes clearly related, sometimes not.  Even when the words in the three screens do not connect in an obvious way, however, some strange effect is achieved by combining them, leaving a large audience laughing at non sequiturs (many band names also exploit this natural phenomenon).  Hell is the most striking third of "Notre Musique", a non-linear montage of war images in glorious color set to beautiful music.  No profound effect is achieved, just reliable juxtapositions of sound and image we've seen before if not carried to this extent.  Hell does, however, have a hypnotic power similar to Godfrey Reggio's Qatsi cycle and is a wise choice to open the movie, as its afterglow masks significantly what a snore the rest of it actually is, just as the listless closing segment, Heaven, seems more beautiful and refreshing after an hour of dispassionate rhetoric.  This, of course, is crucial to the art of cinema, as to completely tear the three segments apart and regard the film as simply the mean of one's perceived value of the three pieces individually would be similar to regarding each second as twenty four separate still images.  The triptych works, but it is still less interesting than Godard's more radical deconstructions, which at least risked (and often achieved) the possibility of being awful.  Similarly, the shot/reverse shot motif is equally cowardly, a profoundly vague slate to hang upon it anything that can be seen in terms of two OR one, a sponge for the "everything is everything but it not but it is nothing which is everything which is all the same yet different within and without itself" philosophical zoetrope that is essential exercise for the thinking person but not a captivating exercise in film.

 

 

1/28

posted by: Theresa

 

My "approach" to Godard, if I really have one, doesn't overlook the fact that nearly everything he's ever done is patently ridiculous to anyone with even a tenuous grasp of the notion that cinema is not history, or life, or some superevolved shadow universe where centuries of progress and can be distilled into cappuccino-size maxims and lobbed around like a stiletto at a bachelor party. I'm someone who grew up hating Godard for everything we've talked about: the political dilettantism, the transparent, self-congratulatory references, and most of all, the complete critical vetting he's gotten from people who couldn't tell their head from their ass in a room full of mirrors. He's always been a kind of bumper sticker for avant-garde thumbsucking: Godard is the Radiohead of cinema. Given that I still think all of this is true, there was probably a point, maybe a couple of years ago, when my violent initial reaction turned into a perverse enjoyment, which became genuine over time. This progression is common to a number of things for me: sweater jackets, fake Indian ephemera, Big Audio Dynamite. Notre Musique tried my patience in that familiar way sometimes; there were the normal ludicrous statements which he refuses to justify, and a few scenes were just damned silly (the solemn Native Americans spouting shit that would embarrass Terrence Malick), but I think I've gotten over it. Watching Godard is still an intense reconciliation process for me; I can’t think of anyone else who rubs me the wrong way so much of the time.  If you were to watch only the expressions on my face while I was watching Sympathy for the Devil, you’d think I was watching Something About Polly. I get exasperated easily by the recasting of familiar ideas as bit players in absurdist situation dramas – thank goodness he borrowed the characters, and the plots too. These bizarre diasporas of film noir, movie musicals, slapstick comedy, and whatever else could really get up my ass, and did really sour me for a while - but – it being true that the object of revulsion is often merely the object of desire rearranged, and so on – I came around… for the most part. I still don’t groan any less at a character’s “sly” nod to T.S. Eliot, but now the groaning sounds more like…“ah hah haaahaha!” But don’t think it’s just masochism; well, it still is, just a little bit, but it’s mostly genuine enjoyment. Besides, there are much, much worse things: Matthew Barney, Oliver Assayas, to name a few. I approach Godard in much the same way I approach Steely Dan, whom I genuinely love with no reservations: even though it's hopelessly ridiculous, my ultimate inability to discover whether I think something is "good" or "bad" ensures that the most ambiguous things get the prize token. It’s kind of like colorblindness – things have a particular “hue” – gradation – of value, but I still can’t figure out whether they’re red or green. It’s a peculiar kind of inability, but it sometimes results in interesting diagnoses. Think of a continuum which is dark at both ends and light in the middle. “Sucks” is in the middle.